Question 1

In the case of sickle cell anemia, the slight alterations in the DNA of red blood cells lead to

Accepted Answer

A)   defects in the membranes of these cells.
B)   changes in the structure of the protein hemoglobin.
C)   poor use of glucose for energy.
D)   inability of the cells to make protein.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C) B

Question 2

The typical American diet supplies approximately what percentage of protein as essential amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)   10%
B)   25%
C)   40%
D)   50%E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 3

The most reliable source of vitamin B12 for the vegan would be

Accepted Answer

A)   fortified soybean milk.
B)   milk.
C)   cheese.
D)   eggs.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 4

The chemical element found in all amino acids but not found in either carbohydrates or fats is

Accepted Answer

A)   carbon.
B)   nitrogen.
C)   oxygen.
D)   hydrogen.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Which of the following is true about protein intake in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)   Plant sources of protein predominate in the United States.
B)   We eat less animal sources of protein than people in Asia and Africa.
C)   About 70 percent of the protein we eat in the United States comes from animal products.
D)   Chicken is our main animal source of protein.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 6

Which of the following is a food that provides all of the essential amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)   Wheat
B)   Peanut butter
C)   Navy beans
D)   MilkE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Plant proteins do not match our needs for essential amino acids and therefore are called _______________ proteins.

Accepted Answer

A)   nonessential
B)   uncomplemetary
C)   incomplete
D)   branched-chainE) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 8

In proteins, amino acids are joined by _______________ bonds.

Accepted Answer

A)   amino
B)   peptide
C)   proteolytic
D)   nitrogenE) C) and D)
F) None of the above B

Question 9

The chemical bond joining adjacent amino acids is called a(n)  _____________ bond.

Accepted Answer

A)   glycosidic
B)   ionic
C)   amino
D)   peptideE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

Because the DNA cannot leave the nucleus to get to the ribosomes, the genes for proteins must be transcribed into ______________ that can leave the nucleus.

Accepted Answer

A)   amino acids
B)   chromosomes
C)   mRNA
D)   tRNAE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Treating a protein with acid, heat, or agitation will cause _______________, meaning that the three-dimensional structure of the protein has been altered.

Accepted Answer

A)   alteration
B)   breakdown
C)   destruction
D)   denaturationE) B) and C)
F) A) and D) D

Question 12

What is meant by the amino acid sequence of a protein?

Accepted Answer

A)   Number of side chains in the protein
B)   Folding arrangement of the peptide chain
C)   Order of appearance of amino acids in the peptide chain
D)   Order of appearance of only the essential amino acids in the proteinE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Which of the following is not true about the events during and after absorption of the products of protein digestion?

Accepted Answer

A)   Most protein eaten ends up as individual amino acids in the blood.
B)   Small peptides are digested further to amino acids inside the absorptive cells of the small intestine.
C)   Many whole proteins are absorbed and enter the blood.
D)   Amino acids travel to the liver via the portal vein.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

All of the following are functions of protein except to

Accepted Answer

A)   repair tissues.
B)   support growth of new tissue.
C)   supply more than 40 percent of the kilocalories in the diet.
D)   synthesize hormones and enzymes.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 15

A hereditary condition caused by an incorrect amino acid in the amino acid sequence of a protein chain is

Accepted Answer

A)   kwashiorkor.
B)   sickle cell anemia.
C)   marasmus.
D)   edema.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 16

Antibodies are

Accepted Answer

A)   hormones.
B)   enzymes.
C)   lipoproteins.
D)   proteins.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 17

The child with marasmus has all of the following conditions except

Accepted Answer

A)   skin-and-bones appearance.
B)   often less than age 2.
C)   can suffer impaired brain growth and development.
D)   edema in the abdomen and legs.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 18

When there is a need for increased dietary protein during pregnancy or lactation, which foodstuff would be least desirable?

Accepted Answer

A)   Eggs
B)   Dried beans
C)   Gelatin
D)   BeefE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 19

Food proteins are used most efficiently when we

Accepted Answer

A)   are eating a very low kilocalorie diet.
B)   eat large quantities of protein even though our kilocalorie intake may be low.
C)   are consuming enough carbohydrates and fats to meet our kilocalorie needs.
D)   are eating enough fat even though carbohydrate intake may be low.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 20

All of the following describe kwashiorkor and marasmus except

Accepted Answer

A)   forms of protein-energy malnutrition.
B)   common in developing nations.
C)   created by political, economic, geographic, social, and dietary factors.
D)   diseases that are troublesome but not life threatening.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Exam 6: Proteins

In the case of sickle cell anemia, the slight alterations in the DNA of red blood cells lead to

Correct AnswerverifiedB

The typical American diet supplies approximately what percentage of protein as essential amino acids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most reliable source of vitamin B12 for the vegan would be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The chemical element found in all amino acids but not found in either carbohydrates or fats is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true about protein intake in the United States?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a food that provides all of the essential amino acids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plant proteins do not match our needs for essential amino acids and therefore are called _______________ proteins.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In proteins, amino acids are joined by _______________ bonds.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

The chemical bond joining adjacent amino acids is called a(n) _____________ bond.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Because the DNA cannot leave the nucleus to get to the ribosomes, the genes for proteins must be transcribed into ______________ that can leave the nucleus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Treating a protein with acid, heat, or agitation will cause _______________, meaning that the three-dimensional structure of the protein has been altered.

Correct AnswerverifiedD

What is meant by the amino acid sequence of a protein?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not true about the events during and after absorption of the products of protein digestion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are functions of protein except to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A hereditary condition caused by an incorrect amino acid in the amino acid sequence of a protein chain is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antibodies are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The child with marasmus has all of the following conditions except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When there is a need for increased dietary protein during pregnancy or lactation, which foodstuff would be least desirable?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Food proteins are used most efficiently when we

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following describe kwashiorkor and marasmus except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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B

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The most reliable source of vitamin B₁₂ for the vegan would be

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B

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D

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