Question 1

According to the text, even when making up their own questions, interviewers' expectations may influence their questioning

Accepted Answer

A)   if they have definite pre-existing ideas.
B)   irrespective of what they think.
C)   even if they don't have any pre-existing ideas.
D)   all of the choices are correct.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

The tendency of mildly depressed people to make accurate rather than self-serving judgments, attributions, and predictions defines

Accepted Answer

A)   depression.
B)   depressive realism.
C)   illusory correlation.
D)   the fundamental attribution error.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

In which of the following situations is Joanna likely to feel most anxious?

Accepted Answer

A)   At a party with her co-workers
B)   When she is intoxicated at a hockey game
C)   At a formal dinner the first time she is meeting her boyfriend's parents
D)   Volunteering at a homeless shelterE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 4

Which of the following statements is most true about stress?

Accepted Answer

A)   It decreases the production of inflammation-producing proteins.
B)   It increase the risk of heart attacks in women.
C)   It causes laboratory puncture wounds to heal one to two days faster.
D)   All of the choices are correct.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

According to researcher Martin Seligman, near-epidemic levels of depression in America today can be blamed, ironically, in part on the promotion of attitudes that say,

Accepted Answer

A)   "Everybody needs somebody sometime."
B)   "You can make it on your own."
C)   "You're nobody if nobody loves you."
D)   "Eat, drink, and be merry, for tomorrow we die."E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 6

Compared to non-depressed people, depressed people are more likely to attribute their failures and setbacks to causes that are

Accepted Answer

A)   unstable.
B)   specific.
C)   internal.
D)   situational.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

, when a marriage ends, men tend to drink ____________ and eat ____________ vegetables.

Accepted Answer

A)   less; more
B)   less; fewer
C)   more; fewer
D)   more; moreE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 8

Our tendency to notice confirming instances but not disconfirming instances of an expected relationship contributes to

Accepted Answer

A)   illusory correlation.
B)   perceptual connectivity.
C)   the attention heuristic.
D)   the ultimate attribution error.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Strack and Coyne found that depressed people were realistic in thinking that other people

Accepted Answer

A)   possessed more accurate self-concepts.
B)   did not appreciate their behaviour.
C)   would welcome their friendship and trust.
D)   were less influenced by fear of social disapproval.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

Greg just watched his baseball team badly lose a game. When asked to predict how he was going to perform later that evening during a card game, Greg most likely

Accepted Answer

A)   thought his performance would be improved.
B)   thought his performance would be impaired.
C)   thought his performance would be the same as it usually is.
D)   thought his performance would be unaffected by his team's loss.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 11

Annette is going out on a first date with Tony, whom her best friend says is funny and fun-loving. On the date, Annette predictably asks Tony, "What is the most fun-loving thing you've ever done?" What is the likely effect of such questioning on Tony?

Accepted Answer

A)   He will act more fun-loving on the date than if not asked such questions.
B)   He will act more reserved and shy than if not asked such questions.
C)   He will resent such questions and become annoyed.
D)   He will try to explain that there are times when he is not fun-loving.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 12

asked students to consider whether they were happy with their social life. The students searched their memories for positive examples and ended up feeling happier. This case illustrates how ____________ can appear when people evaluate themselves.

Accepted Answer

A)   self-fulfilling prophecies
B)   stereotypes
C)   confirmation bias
D)   heuristicsE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 13

Compared to depressed people, normal people

Accepted Answer

A)   exaggerate their control of events around them.
B)   have realistic perceptions of the good and bad things the future holds.
C)   readily accept responsibility for both success and failure.
D)   describe themselves with a fairly even mix of positive and negative qualities.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Research indicates that when interviewers are instructed to test for a trait, they tend to ask questions that show evidence of

Accepted Answer

A)   the confirmation bias.
B)   the illusion of control.
C)   negative attributional style.
D)   illusory correlation.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 15

You find out that Margaret, a woman who was a close friend of yours years ago in grade school, has just come out as a lesbian. When chatting with a friend about this news, you can both recall things Margaret did as a girl that indicated her emerging lesbianism. This might be an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   abreaction.
B)   hindsight bias.
C)   wish fulfillment.
D)   all of the choices are correct.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 16

One of the things that an alien observing the industrialized world might find very puzzling about people's behaviour is

Accepted Answer

A)   people behave rationally in order to ensure that they have long, healthy lives.
B)   people manage to notice only their important physical symptoms and disregard the rest.
C)   at least half of all deaths are linked with behaviour that is under people's own voluntary control.
D)   all of the choices are correct.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 17

According to the text, marriage enhances happiness for which of the following reasons?

Accepted Answer

A)   It provides regular sex to both partners.
B)   It provides financial security.
C)   It provides multiple roles (e.g., spouse, parent)  that can contribute to self-esteem.
D)   It provides companionship.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Ginny was sexually abused as a child, but she has never told anyone. Robin was also abused, but she has been able to talk about it as an adult. According to research, Ginny is more likely to

Accepted Answer

A)   suffer from health problems.
B)   want psychotherapy.
C)   have been a firstborn child.
D)   seek out a large circle of supportive friends.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 19

Research by MacDonald and colleagues has found that ______________ can lead people to engage in dangerous social behaviours such as having unprotected casual sex.

Accepted Answer

A)   alcohol
B)   depression
C)   social anxiety
D)   the sadder-is-unwise effectE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 20

According to research, those who receive the most social support enjoy greater longevity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 14: Social Psychology in the Clinic

The tendency of mildly depressed people to make accurate rather than self-serving judgments, attributions, and predictions defines

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Our tendency to notice confirming instances but not disconfirming instances of an expected relationship contributes to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You find out that Margaret, a woman who was a close friend of yours years ago in grade school, has just come out as a lesbian. When chatting with a friend about this news, you can both recall things Margaret did as a girl that indicated her emerging lesbianism. This might be an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to research, those who receive the most social support enjoy greater longevity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

asked students to consider whether they were happy with their social life. The students searched their memories for positive examples and ended up feeling happier. This case illustrates how ____________ can appear when people evaluate themselves.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the text, even when making up their own questions, interviewers' expectations may influence their questioning

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ginny was sexually abused as a child, but she has never told anyone. Robin was also abused, but she has been able to talk about it as an adult. According to research, Ginny is more likely to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the text, marriage enhances happiness for which of the following reasons?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research indicates that when interviewers are instructed to test for a trait, they tend to ask questions that show evidence of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the things that an alien observing the industrialized world might find very puzzling about people's behaviour is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared to non-depressed people, depressed people are more likely to attribute their failures and setbacks to causes that are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared to depressed people, normal people

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research by MacDonald and colleagues has found that ______________ can lead people to engage in dangerous social behaviours such as having unprotected casual sex.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Strack and Coyne found that depressed people were realistic in thinking that other people

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Greg just watched his baseball team badly lose a game. When asked to predict how he was going to perform later that evening during a card game, Greg most likely

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to researcher Martin Seligman, near-epidemic levels of depression in America today can be blamed, ironically, in part on the promotion of attitudes that say,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

, when a marriage ends, men tend to drink ____________ and eat ____________ vegetables.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is most true about stress?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Annette is going out on a first date with Tony, whom her best friend says is funny and fun-loving. On the date, Annette predictably asks Tony, "What is the most fun-loving thing you've ever done?" What is the likely effect of such questioning on Tony?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which of the following situations is Joanna likely to feel most anxious?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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, when a marriage ends, men tend to drink and eat vegetables.

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