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Exam 3: Consciousness and the Two-Track Mind

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Question 41

Multiple Choice

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Although travelers in the United States are more likely to die in an automobile crash than on a commercial flight covering the same distance, people often assume that flying is more dangerous than driving. What type of heuristic are people using when they make this assumption?

A) availability heuristic
B) representativeness heuristic
C) vividness heuristic
D) matching heuristic

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Question 42

Multiple Choice

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During his project presentation, Bob falls sick and performs poorly. However, his colleague, Dan, concludes that Bob is timid and lacks confidence. Dan's tendency to ignore Bob's sickness and focus on his traits as a reason for his poor performance exemplifies

A) false consensus bias.
B) misinformation effect.
C) fundamental attribution error.
D) dispositional bias.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Question 43

Multiple Choice

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Researchers Edward Jones and Victor Harris (1967) had Duke University students read debaters' speeches either supporting or attacking Cuban leader Fidel Castro. When the students were later told that each debater's position had been assigned, they

In the context of perceiving and interpreting events, which of the following statements is true of beliefs?

Provide an example of the overconfidence phenomenon in the workplace.

Because you see Fred gardening, you decide that he loves working in the yard. You see Fred this way owing to

Jumping out of your seat as a result of an unexpected scene in a movie is what type of thinking?

You walk into your classroom just as the class before yours is getting out. You notice two people standing by lectern at the front of the classroom: a 50-year old man and a 26-year old woman. You assume the man is the instructor and the woman is the student because most of your professors are older men. This is an example of

Which of the following helps successfully reduce problems with overconfidence?

A fellow student is consistently late for class. You assume this is because he is lazy and unorganized. What type of attribution are you making for his behavior?

The tendency to presume, sometimes despite contrary odds, that someone or something belongs to a particular group if resembling a typical member is referred to as the _____ heuristic.

You attend a party where you do not know anyone but expect that people will be friendly. You meet people warmly and in a sociable manner. Your actions, in turn, lead to other people being friendly to you. This situation can best be described as

Persistence of one's initial conceptions is called

Jack works as a software engineer in a multinational company. He finds that the company is training employees to develop their leadership skills. Jack, who values self-development, thinks this is a good opportunity to improve his skills. In the context of perceiving and interpreting events, which of the following statements is true?

Describe the strengths and the weaknesses of both controlled and automatic processing.

When a teacher believes that a child's underachievement is due to lack of motivation and ability, it reflects

Which statement is NOT correct as it relates to mood and judgment?

When we are eager to seek information that verifies our beliefs but less inclined to seek evidence that might disprove our beliefs, the _____ has occurred.

Steve likes Samantha. He has asked her out every day for the last month and believes that she is flattered by his unwavering attention. Samantha has recently filed harassment charges with the police. This example shows possible problems with

Mike was the witness to a car accident in which a driver in an SUV disregarded a yield sign and crashed into sports car. When questioned, the police officer says, "How fast was the driver of the SUV going when he ran that stop sign?" A week later, when asked to recall the accident again, Mike reports the driver of the SUV running a stop sign. This is an example of