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Chipper, the marketing director for Tee Time Golf Resort, is making plans for the annual tournament and is trying to determine the prize money for the top golfer. In past years, the resort successfully raised $25,000 through registration fees and sponsorship. This year, Chipper knows he could easily attract some great local talent if he made the top prize $10,000. However, Chipper also knows he cannot afford to announce a $10,000 top prize at the expense of losing out on a portion of the fees of less talented players who may decide not to register. Using expectancy theory rationale, he explains to the general manager that if they set the prize too high, several better-than-average golfers in the area will feel "out of their league" when the top players join in and therefore will be unmotivated to spend their money to participate. Chipper's analysis of the situation sounds reasonable to the general manager

A) True
B) False

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Job enlargement is the strategy of assigning employees to different jobs within the organization on a regular basis.

A) True
B) False

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On the long flight back from South Korea, Mike had plenty of time to reflect upon the challenges of his business trip that took him all around Asia. His goal to sell his company's state-of-the-art bicycle pump to several foreign firms certainly could have gone better. Although none of the companies he visited turned him down, only one agreed to place an order. Representatives from one Indonesian firm and two Chinese firms asked him when he planned to come again! As Mike reviewed his memories and notes, he wondered, "Didn't they realize the expense of these international trips?" Mike is experiencing


A) the fact that he is from a West Context Culture and the prospective buyers were from an East Context Culture.
B) the fact that he is from a highly developed culture and the prospective buyers are from third-world countries.
C) the differences between high-context and low-context cultures.
D) brain drain.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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According to expectancy theory, employees in a given organization tend to have very similar expectations.

A) True
B) False

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In the Hawthorne studies, employees were involved in the planning of the experiments. What did this cause employees to do?


A) set rather simple, easily attainable goals
B) become distracted and thus reduced productivity
C) believe that management respected their ideas, which motivated them
D) have high levels of productivity, but show disrespect for the managers in their test area

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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In Maslow's hierarchy, self-actualization needs are associated with basic survival, such as the need for food and shelter.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is a characteristic of Type J management?


A) lifetime employment
B) individual decision making
C) rapid evaluation and promotion of employees
D) individual responsibility

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Alyssa's supervisor was so impressed by her work that he named her the employee of the month. This praise from her supervisor is an example of a(n) ________ reward.


A) extrinsic
B) intrinsic
C) secondary
D) extraneous

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Theory X managers are likely to believe that


A) the average person dislikes work and will seek to avoid it when possible.
B) most employees know more about their job than the boss.
C) employees are motivated mainly by the chance for advancement and recognition.
D) job satisfaction is primarily related to higher-order needs.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Which of the following is a characteristic of Type A management?


A) lifetime employment
B) slow evaluation and promotion
C) nonspecialized career path
D) individual decision making

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Gen Xers and Millennials will be more tolerant of change than Baby Boomers.

A) True
B) False

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Management by objectives was developed by


A) Thomas Piketty.
B) Henry Gantt.
C) Frank and Lillian Gilbreth.
D) Peter Drucker.

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Theory Z calls for the creation of a sense of participation and cooperation within an organization.

A) True
B) False

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The best way for U.S. firms to become more competitive is to adopt the Type J approach to management.

A) True
B) False

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According to Maslow, people will try to satisfy lower-order needs before they turn their attention to higher-order needs.

A) True
B) False

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It may be difficult to utilize the management by objectives (MBO) model when employees have not agreed upon the goals set by top management.

A) True
B) False

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When reflecting upon the newer generation, each older generation says the same thing:


A) their generation had it better.
B) the newer generation "breaks the rules."
C) their generation had a more difficult time of it.
D) newer generations are smarter.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Managers who believe job enrichment can effectively improve motivation would try to give employees a significant degree of freedom and flexibility in scheduling their work and in determining the procedures they use.

A) True
B) False

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At Ragtime Resale Shop, manager Lucinda doesn't waste any time thinking about whether the employees on her shift get breaks at reasonable times. In fact, she claims she is hard pressed to determine which one has "worked hard enough" to even deserve a break. Earlier today, Lucinda remarked, "I've never met anyone who likes this job! They're only biding their time and here for the money." Lucinda's managerial style would be classified as


A) Theory X.
B) Theory Y.
C) Theory Z.
D) Type J.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

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At the Sunny Solutions Company, employees are involved in decision making and promised long-term employment. The employees follow a somewhat specialized career path and have individual responsibility for results. Sunny Solutions' approach is an example of


A) Theory R management.
B) Theory X management.
C) Theory Y management.
D) Theory Z management.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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