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According to Christopher Bartlett and Sumantra Ghoshal, how can local companies differentiate themselves from foreign multinationals?


A) By licensing their core technologies
B) By entering into turnkey projects
C) By standardizing their product offerings
D) By focusing on market niches
E) By raising trade barriers

F) None of the above
G) C) and E)

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Which of the following is a risk of entering developing nations like India and China on a large scale?


A) Lower potential for long-term rewards
B) Absence of prior foreign entrants
C) Lack of control over quality
D) Fear of rapid imitation of technology
E) High management turnover

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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Briefly describe the value that an international business can create in a foreign market.

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An important factor in an international ...

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What are the consequences of an international firm entering a foreign market on a significant scale?

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The consequences of entering on a signif...

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The risk of failure of an acquisition can be reduced by:


A) undervaluing the assets of an acquired firm.
B) ensuring that firms are acquired in the home country.
C) replacing high-level managers of an acquired firm.
D) a detailed auditing of operations, financial position, and management culture.
E) investing only in a firm that is managing to break even.

F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

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An international firm that perceives its technological advantage to be transitory and susceptive to rapid imitation might want to license its technology to foreign firms.

A) True
B) False

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An early entrant find may find itself at a disadvantage if it:


A) is trying to realize location and experience curve economies.
B) incurs low development costs.
C) faces a subsequent change in business regulations in the host-country.
D) has a core competence based on control over technological know-how.
E) considers a greenfield strategy.

F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

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In which of the following modes of entry into foreign markets does a firm agree to set up an operating plant for a foreign client and hand over the plant when it is fully operational?


A) Franchising agreement
B) Turnkey project
C) Licensing agreement
D) Wholly owned subsidiary
E) Joint venture

F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Firms pursuing global standardization or transnational strategies tend to prefer setting up wholly owned marketing subsidiaries.

A) True
B) False

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True

Which of the following is true of the costs and risks associated with doing business in a foreign country?


A) They are greater for late entrants.
B) They are higher in politically democratic nations.
C) They are less pronounced in the case of licensing.
D) They are lower in economically advanced nations.
E) They are called opportunity costs.

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Which of the following is a disadvantage of franchising?


A) The franchiser has to bear development costs and risks associated with foreign expansion.
B) Franchising leads to undesirable results for service firms.
C) It is difficult to maintain quality control across foreign franchisees that are distant from the franchiser.
D) The franchiser has no long-term interests in the foreign country.
E) It forces a franchiser to take out profits from one country to support competitive attacks in another.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Describe the entry modes that a firm with core competency in technological know-how can choose.

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If a firm's competitive advantage (its c...

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Which of the following is a drawback of licensing as a mode of entry into foreign markets?


A) The licensor has to bear all costs and risks associated with developing a foreign market.
B) Licensing does not give a firm tight control over manufacturing, marketing, and strategy.
C) Licensing does not benefit firms lacking the capital to expand operations overseas.
D) Licensing deals fail when there are barriers to foreign investment in a particular country.
E) A firm that enters into a licensing deal with a foreign country will have no long-term interest in that country.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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An advantage of establishing a greenfield venture in a foreign country is that it gives the firm a much greater ability to build the kind of subsidiary company that it wants.

A) True
B) False

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When should a firm configure its value chain to maximize value at each stage?


A) When government regulations relax
B) When cost pressures are intense
C) When rapid imitation is expected
D) When the number of consumers increases
E) When incumbent competitors exist

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Which types of firms do NOT risk the loss of management control? What entry modes should such firms employ? Give examples.

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The competitive advantage of many service firms is based on management know-how (e.g., McDonald's, Starbucks). For such firms, the risk of losing control over the management skills to franchisees or joint-venture partners is not that great. These firms' valuable asset is their brand name, and brand names are generally well protected by international laws pertaining to trademarks. Given this, many of the issues arising in the case of technological know-how are of less concern here. As a result, many service firms favor a combination of franchising and subsidiaries to control the franchises within particular countries or regions. The subsidiaries may be wholly owned or joint ventures, but most service firms have found that joint ventures with local partners work best for the controlling subsidiaries. A joint venture is often politically more acceptable and brings a degree of local knowledge to the subsidiary.

In international business, a product that is not widely available in a foreign market and satisfies an unmet need:


A) is likely to have greater value.
B) will have to be priced relatively low.
C) will see a decrease in sales volume.
D) is not suited to that particular market.
E) will fail to make a profit.

F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

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The probability of survival for an international business increases if it:


A) enters a national market after several other foreign firms have already done so.
B) avoids the use of countertrade agreements.
C) enters a national market early.
D) enters a foreign market via turnkey projects.
E) avoids engaging in joint ventures.

F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

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Which of the following countries presents a favorable benefit-cost-risk trade-off scenario for foreign expansion?


A) A country ridden by private-sector debt
B) A country with a free market system
C) A country experiencing a dramatic upsurge in inflation rates
D) A country that is heavily populated
E) A country that is less developed and politically unstable

F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Which of the following describes a turnkey project?


A) Granting rights to intangible property to other firms
B) Establishing firms that are jointly owned by two or more otherwise independent firms
C) Exporting process technology to other countries
D) Setting up wholly owned subsidiaries in foreign nations
E) Selling products produced in one country to residents of other countries

F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

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C

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