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Exam 8: Learning and Decision Making

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Question 51

True/False

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Learning has a weak positive effect on commitment.

A) True
B) False

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Question 52

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_____ is the process of selecting, organizing, storing, and retrieving information about the environment.

A) Perception
B) Reinforcement
C) Heuristic
D) Stereotyping
E) Attribution

F) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Question 53

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The entire process of reinforcement is a continuous cycle, and the repetition of behaviors is strengthened to the degree that reinforcement continues to occur.

A manager suspends one of his subordinates for showing up to work late.This is an example of:

Learning refers to the process of generating and choosing from a set of alternatives to solve a problem.

For positive reinforcement to be successful, an employee needs to see a direct link between his or her behavior and the desired outcome.

To be rational decision makers, we should evaluate each alternative as soon as we think of it.

Sally's daughter just started going to school.As a result, Sally has been coming to work early for the past few weeks.Her colleagues are under the impression that Sally is a Type A person.Sally's colleagues are subject to:

Learning has _____ effect on performance and _____ effect on commitment.

Perception is the process of selecting, organizing, storing, and retrieving information about the environment.

_____ schedules are designed to reinforce behaviors at random points in time.

An employee comes late to the office.An internal attribution will occur if there is low ______, low _____, and high _____.

________ does not always result in positive outcomes for the organization.Employees who witness other employees not being punished for leaving early, taking long lunch breaks, and taking supplies home may engage in the same counterproductive activities.

Andrew is under a lot of time pressure to make a decision. As a result, he chooses the first acceptable solution without considering any more possibilities. Andrew has engaged in satisficing behavior.

Communities of practice are groups of employees who work together and learn from one another by collaborating over an extended period of time.

What are the four contingencies of reinforcement? Explain each by providing an example.

Albert manages a large retail store.He has the authority to appoint employees in the store.The store does not have a specialized human resource executive and Albert himself conducts selection interviews.Albert has not received any training on selection and recruitment.This often leads to selection errors.Albert selected an applicant only because he displayed personality traits similar to one of his best performers.Identify the bias facing Albert in this case.

Information that is relatively easily communicated and a large part of what companies teach during training sessions is known as _____ knowledge.

Framing is the tendency to judge things erroneously based on a reference that is near to them.

Vincent has worked at The Shadows restaurant for several years and in the restaurant industry for almost 30 years.He can't really explain it, but he "just knows" which applicants are the ones to hire.His intuition most likely comes from a high level of _____ that he has of the industry in general and this restaurant in particular.